Side effects are generally mild occasional warmth or metallic taste during infusion, and rare minor bruising at the IV site
19251935: Collapse High-profile harms (the Radium Girls and Eben Byers, who died in 1932) exposed the danger
Initially, main concerns were receptor-activating activity while recently, downstream effects of GLP-1R and GIPR have been more and more revealed that not only receptor activation promotes cAMP and stimulates insulin releasing, but also other factors (-arrestin recruitment, residence time, etc.) influence receptor internalization, which further elicits long-term effects in vivo
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Additionally, oxidative stress significantly impairs RFC function: Low glutathione: Reduces RFC function ~20-40% High nitric oxide: Reduces RFC function ~35% Hyperglycemia: Reduces RFC function ~20-35% Even if you're taking Leucovorin, oxidative stress can prevent it from reaching your brain
